The perspectives for an extension of apricot (Prunus armeniaca) cultivation in Spain are good since this
species is not affected by overproduction in the European Union. While in other fruit tree species new
cultivars are frequently introduced, the production in apricot relies on a few native cultivars since each
cultivar is usually restricted to a particular geographical area with certain ecological conditions and
lower yields are obtained whenever particular cultivars are grown in other regions. However, this situation
is changing due to the irregular productions of many traditional cultivars. In this work the
genetic diversity and the present situation of apricot culture is examined paying attention to the origin
and evolution of the crop and to the economic importance and cultivar structure in the main producing
countries. Likewise, the perspectives of apricot in Spain are analyzed, exploring the main factors
affecting apricot expansion including the damage caused by Plum Pox Virus, the problems
associated to reproductive biology and the climatic conditions of the main commercial production
areas.
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